Bathhouse: layout and amazing solutions for compact buildings

The best vacation is a vacation at the dacha or in a country house. Especially if this vacation includes such a pleasure for the body as a bath. When designing a bathhouse project, it is important to take into account many points. This is the choice of the location of the bathhouse, building materials, the question of how to carry out interior finishing work, how to install a stove, and other nuances. In this article, we have collected useful information for you that will be useful at the decision-making stage. With its help, you will decide how to arrange your best place for relaxation.

Types of baths

The diversity of baths arises from the difference in cultures and traditions. Thanks to this abundance of options, we can choose the microclimate in the bath that is optimal for us in terms of temperature, humidity and steam production.

The microclimate is also important for well-being, and according to it, baths are divided into the following types.

Steam sauna: Russian bath (ours is ours:)

45-70° in temperature and low humidity - 40-65%. The steam condenses on the skin, forming a kind of film, and the body heats up much more due to the thermal conductivity of the water.

Dry air (Finnish) sauna

Low humidity, 8-20%, is combined with high temperatures of 70-110°. The lack of steam and high temperature contribute to maximum warming of the body;

Steam bath: Turkish hammam

In such a bath, the temperature reaches 40-45°, humidity 90-100%. Due to such a low temperature, a soft microclimate is created. In the bathhouse you can not only have a good rest, but also take care of yourself, pleasing your body with cosmetic procedures.

Water bath: Japanese ofuro bath

A traditional bath with a temperature of 40-60° and a humidity of 100% is an exotic type of bath. This is usually a wooden barrel that is heated. Warming the skin under water promotes sweating and washing away toxins and sweat.

Wet sauna: sports

Temperature 75-95° with 100% humidity. It is one of the subtypes of the Finnish sauna. The temperature is deliberately increased by watering the stones with water. Such a sauna becomes a place for endurance competitions and poses harm and even danger to the body.

The method of heating and steam injection also differs in the baths. Knowing these features, you will choose a bathhouse with characteristics that will suit you and your family as much as possible.

Wall material

Since the bathhouse should become a place where you can fully relax both body and soul, many designers advise using exclusively environmentally friendly materials during construction. For example, solid wood, natural stone.

A traditional bathhouse is considered to be a bathhouse made of wood. However, in order for it to last for a long time, the wood must be well treated with antiseptics and paints and varnishes. So, it will not be attacked by mold and mildew.

The most popular wall material options:

• Rounded log;
• Beam;
• Brick;
• Foam concrete blocks;
• Gas silicate blocks;
• Clay burrs.

Each of the listed materials has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Dressing room (locker room)

Here visitors leave their clothes, brooms and firewood are stored here. The dressing room performs a number of functions:

1. is a zone with a buffer function that equalizes the temperature transition from the climate outside to the temperature inside the bathhouse;
2. serves as a place for drying firewood;
3. often also serves as a room in which to rest.
4. The dressing room door should open outward.

Steam room

This room is the main room of the building. This is where the temperature is maintained high and the oven is placed. In the corner of the steam room there are stones that create steam. There should be a heat-resistant coating underneath.

There are also benches arranged on steps. Two, as a rule, are intended for sitting, one or two for lying. When arranging a steam room, you need to think through the following nuances:

1. The materials with which the ceiling and walls are sheathed, the nature of the thermal insulation properties - taking them into account, the depth of thermal insulation of the rooms is calculated, and constructive techniques are used;
2. efficient operation of the ventilation system is ensured by a special box or swinging window with double glazing. The location of the window is opposite the stove;
3. doorway - designed with a higher threshold: this way, cool air does not pass under the door and thermal efficiency is not reduced. The door itself swings outward;
4. steam room and washing room are separated, otherwise the quality of steam and temperature decreases and fuel consumption increases.

Steam room

The paired room must be moved as far as possible in the project from the front door. The steam room is located as far as possible from the entrance doors. There are no windows in the steam room, there is only one door. The main dimensions (length, width, ceiling height) can be any, but the internal dimensions are calculated according to existing standards, which include the following standards:

1. Construction and finishing materials;
2. Ventilation system parameters;
3. Number of visitors to the steam room;
4. Power and heat transfer of a heater or other stove model;
5. Fire safety;
6. Ergonomic and design parameters of the steam room.

The standards for the height of the steam room are quite strict - 210-240 cm, while both the width and length of the steam room can vary between 84 -115 cm -190-235 cm for the smallest projects for one person. It is clear that larger bathhouse sizes will entail an increase in the size of the steam room. In addition, if planning features are aimed at minimizing the area of ​​all premises, then the places in the steam room can be provided with seating.

Steam room size calculations

From the above steam room design it is clear that the shelves can be both seated and for a lying position. With a cascade arrangement of shelves, the free space in the steam room can be significantly expanded.

Wash room

The washing room is a shower stall located near the steam room. If the size of the building allows, these zones are separate from each other; in small buildings they are combined. In large buildings, a swimming pool or plunge pool is also equipped here.

The average area of ​​the washing room is 2000x2000mm, then there is a place to take water procedures and place containers with water, hot and cold.

The window is built one and a half times larger than the window in the steam room. The doorway has also been enlarged – 1800x800mm to provide greater comfort. The requirements for heat conservation are lower than in a steam room. The threshold is made high, and the floor is laid with special tiles to prevent slipping and related injuries.

Features of installation of heat and vapor barrier

Insulation is carried out on closed verandas, which will be used all year round.

The walls are first checked for cracks and defects. The condition of doors and double-glazed windows is assessed in order to eliminate possible sources of cold in advance.

Builders advise performing internal insulation. This is many times more effective than external thermal insulation.

The most commonly purchased materials are sheets of polystyrene foam 10 cm thick. The downside is that the free area of ​​the room is reduced.

Beginners may have trouble fitting the sheets due to the fragility of the foam. An alternative is rolled mineral wool, which will be simpler and more convenient to install.

There are also expensive insulation materials on sale with a foil protective coating, which are superior in thermal insulation to the previous two types.

You need to start insulating the brick walls of the terrace by installing a wooden sheathing made of bars with a cross-section of 25–40 mm. The fastener spacing is selected based on the size of the slabs. Polystyrene foam is inserted into the openings.

After insulation, the walls are finished (optional). Walls:

• putty;
• paint;
• laid out with tiles;
• covered with plastic panels.

Before insulating the ceiling, the integrity of the roof is checked. Otherwise, if the roof starts to leak, then all the work will be in vain.

The ceiling is waterproofed with perforated film. The joints are sealed with construction tape. The insulation is fixed using more reliable fasteners (screws, dowels).

Restroom

Designs of bathhouses with a relaxation room give room for imagination. When there is only one recreation room, it needs to be made multifunctional. Eating, drinking tea, watching TV, billiards - all this happens in this room. Zoning is done using partitions, windows, furniture, and finishing materials. Additional comfort will be created by a fireplace in the corner and a couple of armchairs in front of it.

Choosing a place to build a bathhouse

It is worth considering some nuances:

1. The correct place for a bath should be at some distance from other objects;
2. between the bathhouse and the fence of the neighboring area - 1 m or more;
3. from any wooden building - from 15 m;
4. be away from the garage, wells, swimming pools, children's areas;
5. the optimal place to build a bathhouse is the backyard;
6. you should decide in advance: the bathhouse is a separate building or an extension to the house;
7. when designing, it is necessary to provide for ventilation and wastewater disposal;
8. It is necessary to take into account climatic conditions and soil. The surface for construction is chosen to be flat;
9. in general, the place must comply with the requirements of regulations and legislation.

Bath dimensions

The layout of the bathhouse is designed primarily taking into account the parameters of the site. There are several options for baths, differing in their sizes. Let's see what dimensions of the building exist and what is typical in such projects.

Bathhouse 2x2 m

This unassuming compact building consists of the most important things: a dressing room and a steam room. Sometimes there is a place for a rest room. Therefore, the stove must be placed so that it fits into both rooms. It is preferable to use a steel electric furnace. If desired, a washing room is located in the steam room.

This construction has its advantages:

1. compactness;
2. efficiency;
3. ease of construction;
4. little time for construction;
5. The steam room heats up very quickly.
6. Such a bathhouse saves space and budget. The correct layout of the structure will make it comfortable and perform many functions.

Bathhouse 3x4 m

The interior space is divided into three parts. You can add a shower room or washing room to the building. Typically, such baths have a relaxation room occupying 4.5 m2. The stove firebox is located in the dressing room - this makes it easier to maintain the temperature in the steam room. The boiler for heating water is located at the maximum distance from the entrance door.

The design assumes the presence of a locker room. The terrace will increase the area of ​​the building.

How to arrange the interior

Finishing materials are presented on the market in such a wide palette that their choice will allow you to realize any idea in any style. The main thing is to combine the originality of the interior with ease of use and not clutter the space with unnecessary details .

Wooden objects, ladles, brooms as decor, and hand-woven rugs on the floor are suitable for a Russian bath. The style of the chalet will be recreated by bouquets of fragrant herbs, tablecloths, tea sets, and hunter’s attributes. High ceilings and accent lighting deepen the contemporary style.

Furniture is chosen depending on the size of the bathhouse . The dressing room can be marked with a wooden hanger, and a small cabinet is sufficient to store cleaning supplies. Don't forget about a bench for easy changing.

A wooden table, sofa or soft chairs will be placed in the relaxation room. You can equip the walls with shelves for storing dishes and accessories for the bath.

The walls are wooden or painted in light colors. All items perform specific functions, nothing superfluous. The furniture and interior are in harmony with each other .

Which project you should choose depends on the type of bathhouse, since each requires its own conditions and materials . The traditional project includes a dressing room, washing room, and steam room. The remaining rooms and areas are planned based on the size of the site. The bath complex may include a swimming pool, an attic, and a veranda. The premises can perform combined functions. Popular wood projects require additional treatment and protection, and foam block buildings represent the most budget-friendly option. The style of the bathhouse is created using materials, furniture, and decorative items. The interior should be practical, environmentally friendly and safe.

Bathhouse 4x4 m

The 4 by 4 bath design allows the steam room and washing room to occupy a larger area than in previous compact versions. Such buildings are usually built from logs, which reduces the space inside. Therefore, one room performs several tasks, for example, the dressing room also becomes a locker room and steam room. In such a room two or three shelves 0.5-0.6 m wide will fit. The corner is reserved for a wood-burning or electric stove.

You can create more comfortable conditions, for example, equip a rest room and an additional washing room. By installing a stove in the steam room, you can use it to heat the adjacent room, so it’s easy to set up a relaxation room there, combined with a locker room.

The attic, which can easily accommodate a recreation room or a place to play billiards, will help increase the usable area.

Bathhouse 4 by 4 layout inside photo

A good article if you are interested in this particular bath size.

Options for interior design and layout

Previously, a bathhouse could consist of one room. Nowadays, a classic bathhouse consists of several rooms, each of which performs its own task .

Thanks to the zoning of the premises, the steam room warms up faster, while the rest room has a normal temperature. It should be easy to enter all rooms from the dressing room.

The interior arrangement of a bathhouse depends primarily on its type . The washing room and steam room can be equipped in the same room if it is a Russian bathhouse, and must be separated if it is a Finnish version. If the building has a swimming pool, then a steam room, a relaxation room and a washing room should open into the room with it - this option will be optimal.

The bathhouse, equipped with a veranda with barbecue, will become a favorite place for the family and its guests. The recreation room can accommodate not only a billiard room, but also a hookah room.

A successful design would be bathhouse projects with a relaxation room and a terrace . Here you can relax inside during the cold season or enjoy nature on the terrace in summer. We offer a mini review of bathhouse projects with a terrace.

The selected project for a bathhouse with a swimming pool will be a wonderful place to relax.

An interesting option would be a bathhouse with an attic and a balcony in it. A gable or sloping roof is suitable for such a project. It can be coated with ondulin, which will ensure the strength of the roof and the durability of the entire building.

When designing a bathhouse, you should consider some important points:

• room layout;
• water supply system;
• wiring of the electricity network;
• sewerage and drainage system.

A convenient option would be a bathhouse, in which there will be an exit from the dressing room or rest room to the terrace, and the stove can be located in the rest room and serve as a fireplace

Bathhouse 5x4 m

This option allows you to set up a separate washing room and steam room. The rest room becomes more comfortable and spacious, and can be combined with a locker room or dressing room. Due to the direct absence of a dressing room, this design cannot be used on cold days. The rest room is located just outside the entrance door. Its spaciousness allows you to install a sofa, armchair, and TV. The washing room is equipped with a shower, toilet, and sink for washing hands.

Convenient and free access is provided to any room.

Video description

What are the features of building bathhouses and hand-built houses? How to choose the right materials and what to pay attention to? See the answers in this video:

Frame

Frame baths are gaining popularity due to the comparative cheapness of the material and quick construction. Such a bathhouse can be built at any time of the year; the structure turns out to be warm, it can be used for its intended purpose immediately after construction. The disadvantage of a bathhouse is the need for high-quality insulation and finishing (which can offset savings on the foundation). It is advisable not to delay the insulation process and carry out it in dry weather.

Bathhouse 5x5 m

Such dimensions of the building make the premises comfortable. These parameters are very popular for a bath. You can combine a bathhouse with a terrace under one roof.

Often 10-12 square meters are allocated for the dressing room. m, which is half of the total space. The rest of the room houses a sink and a steam room. This design allows you to comfortably take bath procedures and relax. The relaxation area is decorated with a sofa and an armchair.

In the attic attached to the bathhouse there is a bedroom or a children's room. Now the building is ready to receive guests.

Frame extension: do-it-yourself step-by-step installation

Whatever the structure of the walls of the bathhouse, whether they are made not only of wood, but also of blocks or bricks, the veranda most often has a frame structure, it is easy to attach it to an existing building. A veranda attached to a bathhouse with your own hands will not only be a convenient place for relaxation, but will also make the building more attractive.

Option with attached veranda

Brief instructions in pictures will tell you how to do this:

The frame is ready, the roof remains.
Next, it’s a matter of technique: the roof rafters and roofing material are installed, the floor is sheathed, crossbars and window frames (if the veranda is closed) or decorative fences are installed.

Frame for a closed veranda

Such a veranda or terrace can be attached to a brick or block bathhouse.

Summer veranda with climbing plants Open terrace with canopy

Bathhouse 5x8 m

The building effectively uses the first floor and allows for the addition of an attic. It can be divided into several zones, for example, a bedroom and a billiard room. You can add a balcony. However, the larger the premises and the total area, the more acute the questions arise about how to provide the premises with heat and how to waterproof them. The issue of fire safety is important. When installing a steam room, it is important to carry out all the work correctly, which will require expert advice.

Bathhouse 6x6 m

A 6 by 6 bathhouse design is considered optimal in size. The bathhouse will provide comfort in all functional rooms. It becomes possible to install all the necessary heating equipment and furniture without much space saving. There is an opportunity to arrange an attic, veranda, terrace, further increasing the usable space. A brick stove in a steam room will ensure longer heat retention.

The bathhouse can be used by 8-10 people at once. Each visitor accounts for approximately 1.1 m. The steam room is designed larger than the washing room, and the sewer pipe is located next to the drainage pit.

There is room here to place a dressing room, a steam room, a wash room, a bathroom and several rest rooms.